kaiser wells pharmacy (C) Male fly populations were subjected to elevated temperatures for 120 s as stated in the Methods section. The percentage of flies experiencing a seizure (B) and the time to the first seizure (C) are shown. (D) Male fly populations were subjected to a learning assay as described in the Methods section. The percentage of flies that learned to avoid the quinine-laced light side of the setup was recorded. Vitamin B5 was included in the food as indicated for at least one generation prior to the assays. The concentrations of vitamin B5 used were 4 mM in (A) and 2 mM in (B), (C) and (D). N values for each experiment shown were 25 in (A), 75 in (B) and (C), and 30 in (D). The asterisks for statistical analyses indicate * p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01, and **** p ≤ 0.0001. CTRL indicates Ore R flies and TM indicates TANGO2 G517 flies. The overall results of the learning trials (see Figure 1D for females and S1D for males) are shown for males (E) and females (F) at each training (1–6) or test (7) cycle. Both male and female Ore R wild type (CTRL) flies learned avoidance predominantly during the third and fourth training cycles and some in the fifth. In contrast, the TANGO2 G517 female flies learned this avoidance during the sixth training cycle and during the testing (cycle 7). When the TANGO2 G517 mutants were grown in the presence of vitamin B5, their ability to learn avoidance was observed earlier and predominantly during the fourth, fifth and sixth training cycles. Credit: Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease (2022). DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12579″ width=”800″ height=”530″>
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